State and municipal people’s governments, provincial committees, offices, departments and bureaus:

　　"Yunnan Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital Comprehensive Reform Pilot Overall Plan" has been approved by the provincial people’s government and is hereby issued to you, please implement it carefully.

　

　

General Office of Yunnan Provincial People’s Government

August 29, 2018

　

　　(This piece is publicly released)

　

Overall scheme of comprehensive reform pilot of Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital in Yunnan Province

　　In order to promote the reform and development of Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital in Yunnan Province (hereinafter referred to as Yunnan Fuwai Hospital), we strive to explore a new way of comprehensive reform of public hospitals that is in line with the actual situation in our province, build Yunnan Fuwai Hospital into a world-class high-end medical service center, and make every effort to help our province build a world-class "healthy living destination card".

　　I. Scope of reform

　　This reform pilot was implemented in Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan, which is managed as a public welfare second-class institution.

　　Second, the overall requirements

　　Guided by the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the New Era, conscientiously implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, conscientiously deepen the reform and deployment of the medical and health system, follow the basic path of the "three-medical linkage" reform of medical care, medical insurance and medicine, earnestly implement the government’s responsibility for running medical services, give full play to the main role of Yunnan Fuwai Hospital, and try first in exploring and innovating the management system and operation mechanism of public hospitals. Efforts will be made to promote reforms focusing on medical consumables and drug procurement methods, total personnel management, medical insurance payment methods, personnel compensation systems, medical service prices, financial subsidies, etc., and strive to achieve the organic unity of social benefits and operational efficiency, forming a good situation in which the government is at ease, patients are satisfied, and hospitals are healthy and sustainable.

　　III. Objectives and tasks

　　By the end of 2020, we will explore the formation of a relatively perfect modern hospital management system and a new mechanism for maintaining public welfare, mobilizing enthusiasm and ensuring sustainable operation of public hospitals, so as to realize the homogenization of management between Yunnan Fuwai Hospital and China Academy of Medical Sciences, and significantly improve the medical level and service quality. Yunnan Fuwai Hospital has fully opened 12 clinical centers and 27 medical departments for coronary heart disease, hypertension, congenital heart disease and arrhythmia, with 10,000 cases of interventional surgery and 2,500 cases of heart, great vessels and peripheral vascular surgery each year, of which the proportion of third-and fourth-grade operations exceeds 50%, the total service volume and the number of difficult and severe cases in diagnosis and treatment have reached the leading position in China, and the number of new technologies and projects for diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases has been at the forefront in China, initially covering all. Yunnan Fuwai Hospital will be built into "Yunnan Congenital Heart Disease Screening Management Center" and "Yunnan Cardiovascular Disease Quality Control Center", and gradually become a national regional medical center and clinical medical research center based in Yunnan, facing southwest and radiating South Asia and Southeast Asia.

　　On the basis of accelerating the improvement of clinical discipline construction level and disease prevention ability of Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan, a high-quality cardiovascular disease specialist training base will be basically built, which will be used as a technical support platform to radiate the whole province and promote the continuous improvement of cardiovascular disease treatment ability of hospitals at all levels in the province. By 2020, more than 500 cardiovascular medical professionals will be trained in the province, and the cardiovascular department of 50 county-level hospitals in the province will meet the basic standards of medical service capacity of county hospitals required by the state, and 10 county-level hospitals will meet the recommended standards; Support five state-level hospitals to carry out more than 10 kinds of cardiovascular surgery, and provide technical support for the construction of the province’s cardiovascular chronic disease prevention and control system.

　　Fourth, reform measures

　　(a) to carry out the reform of modern hospital management system. Formulate the Articles of Association of Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital in Yunnan Province. On the premise of strengthening government supervision and assessment, the relevant departments directly under the provincial government delegated the authority of internal personnel management, department setting, middle-level cadre appointment, internal performance assessment and salary distribution to Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan, giving the hospital full autonomy in operation and management. Strengthen the Party building in Fuwai Hospital of Yunnan in an all-round way, give full play to the leading role of the Party Committee of the hospital, and build the Party organization into a strong fighting fortress. Improve the internal management organization, management system, rules of procedure and procedures of Yunnan Fuwai Hospital, and standardize the internal governance structure and power operation rules.(Responsible unit: Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission, Editorial Office, Human Resources and Social Security Department, Finance Department, Yunnan Fuwai Hospital; The first one is the lead department, the same below)

　　(two) to carry out the reform of medical consumables and drug procurement methods. Yunnan Fuwai Hospital is allowed to be the main body of procurement, directly negotiate prices with high-value medical consumables manufacturers and purchase independently. Take the procurement with quantity and budget, explore the way of cross-regional and specialized hospital joint procurement, and reduce the inflated price of high-value medical consumables. High-value medical consumables are purchased in the high-value medical consumables procurement system of the provincial centralized drug procurement platform, and independent bargaining is carried out offline. The negotiated unit price and total amount are subject to the supervision of relevant departments. According to the reform requirements of Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan, the high-value medical consumables procurement system of the provincial centralized drug procurement platform was developed and reformed individually. In the medical insurance information system, the actual purchase price of Yunnan Fuwai Hospital is protected accordingly. Explore the implementation of the "one-vote system" for the procurement of high-value medical consumables, and Yunnan Fuwai Hospital will directly settle the payment with the production enterprises. According to the procurement method of high-value medical consumables, the procurement reform of suitable drugs and low-value medical consumables will be carried out. For the cases paid according to the project, Yunnan Fuwai Hospital reduces the burden of patients by reducing the high-value medical consumables and the inflated price of drugs.(Responsible units: Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission, Department of Finance, Department of Human Resources and Social Security, Public Resources Trading Administration, Yunnan Fuwai Hospital)

　　(three) to carry out the total personnel management pilot. According to the type characteristics and related factors of Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan, the total number of personnel needed for Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan is determined scientifically and reasonably, and the dynamic adjustment is implemented. Strictly regulate the scope of the total number of personnel, and the personnel within the total number shall be managed according to the staffing of the institution and enjoy the treatment of the personnel of the institution. Simultaneously carry out the pilot reform of government procurement services.(Responsible unit: Provincial Organizing Office, Human Resources and Social Security Department, Finance Department, Health and Family Planning Commission, Yunnan Fuwai Hospital)

　　(four) to carry out the reform of medical insurance payment methods. The reform of medical insurance payment mode will be carried out mainly by grouping payment methods according to disease types and disease diagnosis. Medical insurance agencies at all levels in the province shall pay for the diseases with clear diagnosis and treatment plan and admission criteria and mature diagnosis and treatment technology in Fuwai Hospital, and reasonably determine the payment standard of diseases (disease groups), the proportion of medical insurance payment and the proportion of individual patients’ payment, and implement packaged payment, with the balance retained and the cost overruns not covered. Strive to make the proportion of cases paid by groups according to diseases and disease diagnosis in Yunnan Fuwai Hospital exceed 80% by 2020, and the medical insurance agency will adjust and maintain the settlement method and information system according to the reform needs of Yunnan Fuwai Hospital. The hospital information system of Yunnan Fuwai Hospital is open to medical insurance agencies and audit departments, and is subject to supervision and audit. According to the principle of "scientific, safe, standardized, effective, economical and ethical", the clinical pathway management and quality control work adapted to the functions and tasks of Yunnan Fuwai Hospital should be implemented, and the diagnosis and treatment behavior should be standardized in strict accordance with the diagnosis and treatment routine and technical regulations to ensure medical quality and safety.(Responsible unit: Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security, Department of Finance, Health and Family Planning Commission, Yunnan Fuwai Hospital)

　　(five) to carry out the reform of personnel compensation system. Establish a personnel management system that is compatible with the total personnel management. Implement the autonomy of employing people in Yunnan Fuwai Hospital, and allow Yunnan Fuwai Hospital to independently recruit and introduce personnel by means of examination or inspection under the premise of strictly implementing information disclosure, process disclosure and results disclosure. Encourage Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan to introduce outstanding professionals from abroad, and play a good role as a platform to cultivate and improve the level of relevant medical disciplines in the province. Talents who are urgently needed and in short supply from outside the province and have the qualifications of deputy senior and above professional and technical positions or have obtained doctoral degrees can re-establish personnel files after leaving their original units to work in Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan. Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan should change the fixed employees into contract employees, change the identity management into post management, and set up posts according to needs, compete for posts, hire by posts, and set salaries by posts. Formulate specific personnel management systems such as personnel entry and exit, assessment, rewards and punishments within the total amount, and establish an employment mechanism that can enter and exit, and can be promoted and demoted. Boldly innovate the talent incentive mechanism, and high-level talents introduced by Yunnan Fuwai Hospital can enjoy relevant subsidy policies and project support in accordance with regulations.(Responsible unit: Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission, Editorial Office, Human Resources and Social Security Department, Finance Department, Yunnan Fuwai Hospital)

　　In accordance with the requirements of "allowing hospitals to break through the current wage control level of public institutions, allowing medical service income to deduct costs and withdraw funds according to regulations to be mainly used for personnel rewards", we will actively explore the establishment of a salary system that conforms to the characteristics of the medical industry and fully mobilize the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of medical personnel. Yunnan Fuwai Hospital will be included in the pilot unit of salary system reform of public hospitals in our province, and the corresponding policy inclination will be given when the total performance salary is approved. Support Yunnan Fuwai Hospital to actively explore various distribution methods such as target annual salary system, agreed salary system and project salary system. Explore the implementation of the target annual salary system management for the main person in charge of Yunnan Fuwai Hospital, and the required funds will be uniformly charged from the operating subsidy funds and service purchase funds arranged by the provincial finance, and will not be arranged separately. Encourage medical staff in Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan to strengthen scientific research innovation. If important scientific research achievements and achievements are transformed into clinical diagnosis and treatment standards and technical specifications, holders of scientific research achievements can enjoy 80% of the benefits from the transformation of achievements and promote the transformation of achievements. It is strictly forbidden to link the salary of medical staff with business income and income from medicines, consumables, inspections and tests.(Responsible units: Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security, Department of Finance, Health and Family Planning Commission, Science and Technology Department)

　　(six) to carry out the price reform of hospital medical services. Yunnan Fuwai Hospital is allowed to set its own price within the range of no more than 10% on the basis of the current first-class medical service price in our province. For the medical service items with no approved price in our province, if there are existing ones in Fuwai Hospital of China Academy of Medical Sciences, according to the principle of homogeneity and same price, Fuwai Hospital of Yunnan can refer to the medical service price of Fuwai Hospital of China Academy of Medical Sciences. Yunnan Fuwai Hospital’s new medical service project authorizes Yunnan Fuwai Hospital to independently check the trial price. On the basis of establishing and perfecting the clinical pathway management system, we will support Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan to carry out the reform of pricing mode of charging according to diseases and independently formulate charging standards. Yunnan Fuwai Hospital is allowed to carry out special outpatient service within the scope of not exceeding 10% of the total medical service, and the special outpatient service fee is subject to market adjustment. The actual implementation price of Yunnan Fuwai Hospital should be reported to the Provincial Price Bureau, the Health and Family Planning Commission and the Human Resources and Social Security Department for the record within 10 working days before implementation.(Responsible units: Provincial Price Bureau, Health and Family Planning Commission, Human Resources and Social Security Department)

　　(seven) to carry out the reform of financial subsidies. Reform and improve the financial guarantee mode for Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan, explore the establishment of financial support mode suitable for the reform of Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan, and gradually arrange hospital operation subsidy funds by purchasing services to realize the decoupling of financial subsidy funds from staffing. From 2018 to 2021, according to the principle of "full support, fixed subsidy, gradual adjustment and stimulating vitality", the operating subsidy funds of Yunnan Fuwai Hospital will be reasonably arranged; After 2022, according to the quantity and quality of services provided by Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan, the government will approve the funds for purchasing services. The financial subsidy funds are invested in the planned equipment purchase, key discipline development, personnel training, retirees’ expenses in line with national regulations, policy loss subsidies, and government-designated emergency treatment, disaster relief, foreign aid, agriculture support, border support and counterpart support for urban and rural hospitals.(Responsible units: Provincial Department of Finance, Development and Reform Commission, Human Resources and Social Security Department, Health and Family Planning Commission)

　　(eight) to carry out the reform of hospital service model. The Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission delegated the establishment of departments and the management authority of doctors’ practice in Fuwai Hospital of Yunnan. Yunnan Fuwai Hospital can set up its own departments according to the needs of reform and development, and report them to the Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission for the record; Doctors and nurses from Fuwai Hospital of China Academy of Medical Sciences are allowed to practice at Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan and report to the Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission for the record. Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan should strengthen the construction of hospital culture and build a harmonious doctor-patient relationship. Carry out appointment diagnosis and treatment, increase the proportion of appointment diagnosis and treatment services, and vigorously promote appointment diagnosis and treatment by time and centralized appointment inspection. Steadily carry out daytime surgery to shorten the time for patients to wait for hospitalization and surgery. Take patients as the center, promote multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment mode, and provide "one-stop" diagnosis and treatment service for patients. Innovate emergency services to provide patients with a green channel for medical treatment and integrated comprehensive treatment services. Using Internet technology to continuously optimize the medical service process, and provide patients with convenient services such as appointment, mobile payment, inter-clinic settlement, bedside settlement, medical reminder, result inquiry and information push.(Responsible unit: Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission, Yunnan Fuwai Hospital)

　　V. Safeguards

　　(1) Strengthen organizational leadership. The leading group for the construction, reform and development of Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital in Yunnan Province and Yunfu International Cardiovascular Hospital should strengthen the overall coordination of the pilot reform of Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan Province.

　　(2) create a good atmosphere. Relevant departments at the provincial level should strengthen the overall situation awareness and sense of responsibility, cooperate with each other and make concerted efforts to form a joint effort and a good atmosphere for fully caring for and supporting the reform and development of Yunnan Fuwai Hospital, and give active support to Yunnan Fuwai Hospital in participating in scientific research projects and achievements declaration in the province, employing graduate students with teachers’ qualifications, and evaluating the first and the best. Other medical and health institutions in the province should strengthen cooperation and exchanges with Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan with a more open and inclusive attitude, and jointly promote the continuous improvement of the diagnosis and treatment capacity of cardiovascular diseases in the province.

　　(3) Strengthen performance appraisal. The Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission should guide Yunnan Fuwai Hospital to formulate performance evaluation methods, establish a public welfare-oriented evaluation system, and effectively strengthen the internal management of the hospital. According to the specialty characteristics of Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan and the requirements of the reform pilot task, the assessment and evaluation indicators are determined scientifically and reasonably, with emphasis on indicators such as the degree of public welfare goal realization, medical quality, cost control, sustainable development, operational performance, social satisfaction and employee recognition. The performance appraisal of Yunnan Fuwai Hospital should be carried out simultaneously with the annual and term target responsibility appraisal of the dean, and the party building work should be carried out simultaneously with the professional work. The assessment results should be linked with financial subsidies, medical insurance payment, total performance salary, salary, appointment and dismissal, rewards and punishments of the dean (secretary), so as to promote the improvement of medical service quality in Yunnan Fuwai Hospital.

　　(4) Strengthen supervision and evaluation. Give full play to the role of monitoring, evaluation and special supervision, timely supervise the implementation of key tasks of Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan, establish and improve the supervision and inspection mechanism and evaluation accountability mechanism, increase supervision and guidance, and focus on matters that are ineffective or slow in progress. The Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission takes the lead in establishing a monitoring and evaluation system, formulating methods for evaluating the effect of hospital reform, regularly monitoring and evaluating the implementation of the pilot reform of Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan and the reform effect, analyzing and studying the difficulties and problems arising in the reform process in a timely manner, and monitoring the reform progress once every six months to form a monitoring report. By the end of 2020, the third party will be organized to evaluate and summarize the reform effect of Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan, and mature and effective experiences will be promoted in due course. Relevant provincial departments should sum up and improve relevant reform policies in time to ensure the continuity of policies and the stable and sustainable development of Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan.

　　Attachment: 1. Pilot Program for the Reform of Medical Consumables and Drug Purchase Mode in Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital of Yunnan Province

　　　　　2. Yunnan Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital Staff Total Management Pilot Program

　　　　　3. Yunnan Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital Medical Insurance Payment Mode and Personnel Compensation System Reform Pilot Program

　　　　　4. Yunnan Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital Medical Service Price Reform Pilot Program

　　　　　5. Yunnan Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital Financial Subsidy Reform Pilot Program

　　　　　6. Implementation plan for improving the diagnosis and treatment capacity of Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital in Yunnan Province

　

Annex 1

Pilot program for the reform of medical consumables and drug procurement mode in Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital of Yunnan Province

　　In order to promote Yunnan Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital (hereinafter referred to as Yunnan Fuwai Hospital) to carry out the pilot reform of medical consumables and drug procurement methods, this plan is formulated according to the Overall Plan for Comprehensive Reform Pilot of Yunnan Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital.

　　I. General requirements

　　In accordance with the general direction and requirements of the reform of public hospitals, adhere to the principles of openness, fairness and justice, strengthen the "three-medicine linkage" of medical care, medical insurance and medicine, encourage Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan to try first, and further reduce the inflated prices of medical consumables and medicines through various procurement methods such as independent procurement, quantity procurement and joint procurement.

　　Yunnan Fuwai Hospital uses business income and its own funds to carry out medical consumables and drugs procurement projects, allowing hospitals to purchase independently, openly selecting distribution enterprises to be responsible for distribution, and linking with medical insurance payment and disease charging policies. Encourage Yunnan Fuwai Hospital to jointly purchase with relevant specialized hospitals across regions, and further improve the participation of hospitals in centralized drug procurement. The procurement projects of medical consumables and drugs carried out by Yunnan Fuwai Hospital with special financial funds are carried out in strict accordance with the provisions and procedures of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Government Procurement Law, People’s Republic of China (PRC) Bidding Law and other laws and regulations.

　　Second, the reform measures

　　(A) the scientific preparation of procurement plans

　　According to the catalogue of medical consumables and drugs used in Fuwai Hospital of China Academy of Medical Sciences, the procurement plan and budget are put forward with reference to not less than 80% of the medical consumables and drugs used in the previous year.

　　(B) to carry out high-value medical consumables procurement reform.

　　1. Purchasing method. On the premise of carrying out the compound payment mode of grouping payment according to disease type and disease diagnosis, and combining various payment methods, Yunnan Fuwai Hospital is allowed to be the main purchasing body, adopt online procurement and offline negotiation on the provincial centralized drug procurement platform, and directly negotiate the purchase price of high-value medical consumables with high-value medical consumables manufacturers, and the negotiated unit price and purchase amount are subject to the supervision of relevant departments. According to the reform requirements of Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan, the high-value medical consumables procurement system of the provincial centralized drug procurement platform was developed and reformed individually. In the medical insurance information system, the actual purchase price of Yunnan Fuwai Hospital is protected accordingly. Yunnan Fuwai Hospital is allowed to explore cross-regional joint procurement with relevant domestic specialized hospitals to ensure that the procurement price is lower than the reference price of the provincial centralized drug procurement platform.

　　2. Distribution management. Yunnan Fuwai Hospital openly selects high-value medical consumables comprehensive service enterprises according to relevant laws and regulations. Comprehensive service enterprises can set up a first-class management warehouse of high-value medical consumables in Fuwai Hospital of Yunnan, and implement zero inventory management to ensure the timely supply and quality safety of high-value medical consumables.

　　(three) to carry out the reform of purchasing methods of drugs and low-value medical consumables.

　　1. Purchasing method. In accordance with the principle of "platform procurement, bargaining with quantity, two-vote system and centralized distribution" and the relevant provisions of the provincial health and family planning commission on classified procurement, Yunnan Fuwai Hospital is allowed to carry out bargaining procurement of drugs and low-value medical consumables with quantity through the provincial centralized drug procurement platform, which will be distributed centrally by distribution enterprises. Belonging to the pricing procurement, the winning bid price announced by the provincial centralized drug procurement platform is the highest price limit, and the method of exchanging price for quantity is adopted, and the quantity procurement is linked with the quantity price; Belonging to bargaining procurement, independent bargaining procurement on the provincial centralized drug procurement platform; For special drugs, such as poisonous drugs, blood products and some new drugs, which are not hung on the procurement platform, they are indeed purchased for the record according to the relevant requirements because of clinical needs.

　　2. Distribution management. According to relevant laws and regulations, Fuwai Hospital of Yunnan Province selected distribution enterprises for drugs and low-value medical consumables to ensure the supply, quality and safety of drugs and low-value medical consumables.

　　(4) Charge management

　　1. Charge for high-value medical consumables. For cases paid by the project, the high-value medical consumables used are charged according to the actual purchase price and the markup rate stipulated in the Interim Measures for the Price Management of Non-profit Medical Services in Yunnan Province. According to the disease, according to the disease diagnosis related group payment cases, the balance retained, cost overruns do not make up.

　　2. Fees for drugs and low-value medical consumables. Drugs are charged according to the winning bid price announced by the provincial centralized drug procurement platform, and the bonus is cancelled. Low-value medical consumables shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant provisions of the price management of medical services in our province. With the further improvement of the national drug price negotiation mechanism, the scope of negotiation varieties is gradually expanded, and the policy convergence with medical insurance management and handling departments is well done.

　　3. Price protection. The list of expenses issued by Yunnan Fuwai Hospital to patients can only list the quantity of drugs and medical consumables used, subtotal and total expenses, and protect the prices of individual categories.

　　(5) Contract management

　　Yunnan Fuwai Hospital signed a distribution service contract with the distribution enterprise. The procurement of high-value medical consumables is subject to the "one-vote system".

　　Third, the job requirements

　　(1) Strengthen supervision. Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission, Public Resources Trading Administration, Food and Drug Administration, Finance Department, Audit Office and other departments should strengthen the supervision and inspection of the procurement, distribution and use of medical consumables and drugs in Yunnan Fuwai Hospital. Information on the purchase and use of medical consumables and drugs in Fuwai Hospital of Yunnan Province should be disclosed to the public in a timely manner and consciously accept social supervision; It is necessary to establish a publicity and interview system, implement prescription comments, give full play to the role of pharmacists in rational drug use, and improve the level of rational use of medical consumables and drugs; It is necessary to strengthen prescription management and ensure that doctors prescribe drugs according to their generic names. Outpatients can choose to buy drugs at Fuwai Hospital or retail pharmacies in Yunnan by prescription. Strictly control the unreasonable increase of medical expenses.

　　(2) Strengthen the prevention and control of integrity risks. Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan should make collective decisions by including medical consumables and drug procurement in the "three majors and one big project"; It is necessary to focus on strengthening the system construction, with the support of modern information technology, to build a clean and honest risk prevention and control system with clear powers and responsibilities, standardized processes, clear risks, effective measures, timely early warning and in line with the characteristics of the health industry, and to establish a long-term working mechanism to control commercial bribery in the field of medical purchase and sale.

　

Annex 2

Pilot Program of Total Staff Management in Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital of Yunnan Province

　　In order to promote Yunnan Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital (hereinafter referred to as Yunnan Fuwai Hospital) to carry out the pilot project of total personnel management, this plan is formulated according to the Overall Plan of Comprehensive Reform Pilot of Yunnan Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital.

　　I. General requirements

　　In accordance with the relevant requirements of deepening the classification reform of public institutions, deepening the reform of "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" and deepening the reform of medical and health system, we should persist in the innovation of system and mechanism, innovate the staffing management of Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan, implement the management of total personnel, and establish an employment mechanism that can enter and exit, and can be promoted and demoted. Adhere to decentralization, fully give Yunnan Fuwai Hospital the autonomy of employing people, and stimulate the endogenous motivation of hospital reform and development. Adhere to the principle of "active, cautious and controllable", steadily push forward the reform pilot work, study and solve the difficulties and problems in the pilot work in time, and accumulate experience and practices.

　　Second, the reform task

　　(1) Scientifically and reasonably verify the total number of personnel. The provincial editorial office, together with the Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission, the Department of Finance and the Department of Human Resources and Social Security, comprehensively considers the characteristics of Yunnan Fuwai Hospital, the actual number of open beds, the service population, the service volume, the personnel structure and the development trend, and scientifically and reasonably determines the total number of personnel needed for Yunnan Fuwai Hospital. The total number of staff in Yunnan Fuwai Hospital is 550 for the first time. The total number of personnel shall be dynamically managed, and in principle, it shall be dynamically adjusted once every two years.

　　(two) the scope and proportion of total personnel management. The personnel included in the total personnel management include: members of the hospital leadership, administrative personnel, professional and technical personnel (doctors, pharmacy, medical technology, nursing and other professional and technical personnel) and the backbone of the workers. Within the approved total number of personnel, the proportion of professional and technical personnel is not less than 90%, and the administrative personnel and workers are not higher than 10%.

　　(3) Establish a personnel management system that is compatible with the total personnel management. In accordance with the relevant requirements of the "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform, simplify administration and decentralize power, and fully give Yunnan Fuwai Hospital the autonomy of employing people. According to the staffing management of public institutions, the personnel within the total amount enjoy the corresponding treatment of the staff of public institutions in terms of post employment, professional title evaluation, assessment, rewards and punishments, social insurance, personnel flow, income distribution and retirement benefits. The recruitment staff of Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan should make the recruitment plan and scheme according to the requirements of information disclosure, process disclosure and results disclosure, and after being approved by the Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission and the Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security, take the form of examination or investigation to recruit independently; After joining the company, it is qualified by the evaluation of Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan and approved by the Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission and the Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security, and can be included in the total personnel management.

　　Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan should establish and improve the employment mechanism of being able to enter and exit, be able to go up and down, formulate the evaluation method, index system and specific personnel management system for the entry and exit of personnel within the total number of personnel, and organize the implementation after being reported to the provincial office, the Department of Finance, the Department of Human Resources and Social Security and the Health and Family Planning Commission for the record.

　　Third, the job requirements

　　(1) Strengthen organizational leadership. The provincial editorial office is responsible for verifying the total number of staff in Yunnan Fuwai Hospital and taking the lead in coordinating and promoting the pilot work; The Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission is responsible for the guidance and supervision of Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan; The Provincial Department of Finance and the Department of Human Resources and Social Security cooperate to do the relevant work. Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan is the main body responsible for the pilot work, so we should earnestly organize and implement it.

　　(2) Steady and orderly progress. Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan should formulate a specific implementation plan and refine the work tasks item by item; It is necessary to strictly implement various policies and regulations, strictly perform work procedures, establish a correct orientation for employing people, and fully mobilize and stimulate the enthusiasm of cadres and workers.

　　(3) Strengthen supervision and guidance. The provincial editorial office shall, jointly with the Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission, the Department of Finance and the Department of Human Resources and Social Security, strengthen supervision and guidance on the pilot work, closely follow the progress of the pilot work, study and solve problems in the work in a timely manner, and sum up experiences and practices.

　

Annex 3

Pilot scheme of medical insurance payment method and personnel salary system reform in Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital of Yunnan Province

　　In order to promote Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital of Yunnan Province (hereinafter referred to as Yunnan Fuwai Hospital) to carry out the pilot reform of medical insurance payment method and personnel compensation system, this scheme is formulated according to the Overall Plan for Comprehensive Reform Pilot of Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital of Yunnan Province.

　　I. General requirements

　　Focusing on the goal of deepening the reform of medical and health system, we will explore the establishment of medical insurance payment methods that conform to the actual situation and medical service characteristics of Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan, and stimulate the endogenous motivation of hospitals to standardize diagnosis and treatment behavior, control costs, and reasonably treat and refer patients; Explore the establishment of a flexible and efficient personnel management system that is compatible with the total personnel management; According to the requirements of "allowing hospitals to break through the current wage control level of public institutions, allowing medical service income to deduct costs, and then withdrawing various funds according to regulations, we will explore the establishment of a salary distribution system that conforms to the actual situation of Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan, and strive to reflect the value of medical staff’s knowledge, technology and labor, mobilize the enthusiasm of medical staff, enhance the public welfare of the hospital, and promote the healthy development of Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan.

　　Second, the reform task

　　(A) to carry out medical insurance payment reform pilot.

　　1. The implementation of multiple compound medical insurance payment methods based on disease types and disease diagnosis related groups. According to the characteristics of medical services in Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan, for diseases with clear diagnosis, clear diagnosis and treatment path and mature diagnosis and treatment technology, payment is implemented according to the disease type and related groups of disease diagnosis. For complex cases that cannot be settled by disease type and disease diagnosis, they shall be paid according to the project. All kinds of payment methods implemented by Fuwai Hospital of China Academy of Medical Sciences and outside the province can be supported in time in combination with the actual situation in our province. By 2020, Yunnan Fuwai Hospital will make the proportion of cases that are paid according to diseases and diseases diagnosis more than 80%, and medical insurance agencies will adjust and maintain the settlement methods and information systems according to the needs of hospital reform. Establish and improve the equal consultation mechanism between medical insurance agencies and Yunnan Fuwai Hospital, and the incentive and risk sharing mechanism of "balance retention and reasonable cost overruns sharing".

　　2. Support Yunnan Fuwai Hospital to develop new technologies and projects. The provincial human resources and social security department timely studied and formulated the medical insurance payment policy to support the new technologies and new projects carried out by Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan.

　　(B) to carry out the personnel management system reform pilot.

　　1. Decentralize the right to evaluate professional titles. The right to evaluate the deputy senior title of health technology was delegated to Yunnan Fuwai Hospital, which independently evaluated the qualification of the deputy senior title of health technicians in our hospital in accordance with the national and provincial professional and technical title evaluation procedures and relevant management regulations.

　　2. For foreign high-level experts and young doctors under 40 years old who are mainly introduced from Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan Province, if they are selected as "high-end foreign experts" and "special young talents" in Yunnan Province’s Thousand Talents Program after evaluation, they will be given a one-time working and living allowance of 500,000 yuan and a maximum project funding of 1 million yuan.

　　3. The high-level talents introduced by Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan Province are in urgent need of shortage in our province. Upon the assessment of the Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security, they are given 500,000 yuan, 300,000 yuan and 200,000 yuan housing subsidies and 100,000 yuan, 70,000 yuan and 50,000 yuan working funds respectively, and actively do a good job in introducing talents.

　　4. Timely apply for the "Green Channel Service Certificate for Introducing High-level Talents in Yunnan Province" for talents who meet the prescribed conditions introduced by Yunnan Fuwai Hospital, and enjoy corresponding services in accordance with the regulations.

　　(C) to carry out the pilot reform of the salary system

　　1. Yunnan Fuwai Hospital will be included in the pilot reform of salary system of public hospitals in our province. Yunnan Fuwai Hospital is allowed to break through the current wage control level of public institutions, allowing medical service income to deduct costs and withdraw various funds according to regulations, which are mainly used for personnel rewards.

　　2. Tilt the relevant salary policy. Yunnan Fuwai Hospital is allowed to establish a salary system that adapts to the characteristics of the hospital in accordance with the Implementation Opinions of the Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security, the Department of Finance, and the Health and Family Planning Commission (Yun Ren She Fa [2017] No.96). The Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security gives corresponding policy inclination when approving the total amount of performance pay.

　　3. Give internal distribution autonomy. Give Yunnan Fuwai Hospital autonomy in performance appraisal and internal distribution, focusing on key positions and high-level talents, focusing on reflecting the value of medical staff’s technical services and mobilizing the enthusiasm of medical staff.

　　Third, the job requirements

　　(1) Strengthen organizational leadership. Relevant departments directly under the provincial government should closely cooperate and coordinate to promote reform, properly link up policies and give full play to policy synergy; It is necessary to carry out the evaluation of the reform effect in time to provide support for the reform and improvement of the province’s medical insurance payment method and personnel compensation system.

　　(2) Strengthen internal management. Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan should establish and improve the internal management system matching with the reform pilot, make full use of the role of medical insurance in regulating, guiding, supervising and restricting medical service behavior and expenses, strengthen the management of medical personnel, actively control costs and expenses, and improve the efficiency of the use of medical insurance funds. On the basis of the approved total number of personnel, exercise the autonomy of hospital personnel management and salary distribution according to the law and regulations.

　　(3) Strengthen supervision and management. Provincial departments should strengthen the supervision and management of medical service behavior, personnel management and salary distribution of Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan. The medical insurance management department should strengthen the management of medical insurance service agreement, improve the medical insurance information system, improve the scientific and reasonable assessment system, strengthen the dual control of medical expenses and medical quality, and link the assessment results with the medical insurance fund payment.

　

Annex 4

Pilot scheme of medical service price reform in Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital of Yunnan Province

　　In order to promote Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital of Yunnan Province (hereinafter referred to as Yunnan Fuwai Hospital) to carry out the pilot reform of medical service price, this scheme is formulated according to the Overall Plan for Comprehensive Reform Pilot of Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital of Yunnan Province.

　　I. General requirements

　　Actively and steadily push forward the reform of the pricing mode of medical services in Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan, do a good job in linking the price of medical services with policies such as medical care, medical insurance and medicine, and gradually establish a scientific, reasonable, dynamic adjustment and multi-participation medical service price formation mechanism to ensure the sustainable operation of Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan, the affordability of medical insurance funds and the overall burden of the masses.

　　Second, the reform task

　　(1) Yunnan Fuwai Hospital is allowed to set its own price within the range of no more than 10% on the basis of the current price of first-class medical services in our province.

　　(II) For the medical service items with no approved price in our province, if the Fuwai Hospital of China Academy of Medical Sciences already exists, according to the principle of homogeneity and the same price, Fuwai Hospital of Yunnan can refer to the medical service price of Fuwai Hospital of China Academy of Medical Sciences.

　　(three) the new medical service projects carried out by Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan Province shall be independently approved by the hospital for trial price.

　　(4) For the diseases that have not been charged by diseases in our province at present, on the basis of establishing and perfecting the clinical pathway management system, support Yunnan Fuwai Hospital to carry out the reform of charging by diseases and independently formulate charging standards.

　　(5) In order to meet patients’ medical service needs at different levels, Yunnan Fuwai Hospital is allowed to carry out special outpatient service within the scope of not exceeding 10% of the total medical service, and the special outpatient service fee is subject to market adjustment.

　　Third, the job requirements

　　(1) Strengthen guidance and supervision. The Provincial Price Bureau, the Health and Family Planning Commission, and the Human Resources and Social Security Department should closely cooperate and cooperate with each other, strengthen the guidance and supervision of the reform of medical service price in Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan, make overall consideration of the interests of all parties, and do a good job in the convergence of policies such as medical service price, medical insurance and fee control; It is necessary to guide Yunnan Fuwai Hospital to establish and improve the internal price management system, implement the system of clearly marked price and detailed list of medical expenses, and create an honest medical unit.

　　(2) Do a good job in monitoring and evaluation. The Provincial Price Bureau, the Health and Family Planning Commission, and the Human Resources and Social Security Department should pay close attention to the situation after the reform of medical service prices to prevent the relevant supporting policies from being in place, resulting in an increase in the burden on hospitals or patients; It is necessary to strengthen the evaluation of the reform situation and effect, and timely adjust and improve the reform policy.

　　(3) Strengthen support for reform. Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan should scientifically calculate the cost of medical services and diseases, and provide scientific data support and reference for setting prices; It is necessary to bring cost accounting, price management and patient burden into the hospital performance appraisal system, and mobilize the enthusiasm of medical staff and management personnel to control fees; It is necessary to publicize the service items, prices and charging basis, supervision and reporting telephone numbers and other contents to the society in a prominent position.

　　(4) Standardize the price adjustment behavior. For medical services that are subject to market adjustment and independently set prices, Yunnan Fuwai Hospital reasonably sets prices according to service costs and market conditions and keeps them relatively stable, and the price adjustment period shall not be less than one year. The actual implementation price of Yunnan Fuwai Hospital should be reported to the Provincial Price Bureau, the Health and Family Planning Commission and the Human Resources and Social Security Department for the record within 10 working days before implementation.

　

Annex 5

Pilot program of financial subsidy reform in Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital of Yunnan Province

　　In order to promote Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital of Yunnan Province (hereinafter referred to as Fuwai Hospital of Yunnan Province) to carry out the pilot reform of financial subsidies, this plan is formulated according to the Overall Plan for Comprehensive Reform of Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital of Yunnan Province.

　　I. General requirements

　　Adhere to the public welfare nature of public hospitals, reform and improve the way public finance supports public hospitals, establish a scientific and reasonable financial guarantee and compensation mechanism, and promote the formation of a new mechanism for hospital operation that is conducive to maintaining public welfare, mobilizing enthusiasm and ensuring sustainability.

　　Second, the reform task

　　(1) Arrangement of subsidy funds

　　From 2018 to 2021, Yunnan Fuwai Hospital will be subsidized by means of fixed subsidy and gradual adjustment. Among them, 70 million yuan will be allocated for operation subsidy in 2018, 70 million yuan in 2019, 60 million yuan in 2020 and 50 million yuan in 2021.

　　After 2021, in accordance with the requirements of government procurement service reform of public institutions and referring to the security policies of other provincial public hospitals, Yunnan Fuwai Hospital will be subsidized.

　　(2) Ways of financial subsidies

　　In 2018, the transitional financial subsidy policy was implemented, and the financial funds were directly allocated to Yunnan Fuwai Hospital. Starting from 2019, we will implement the reform of financial support mode based on government purchasing services, and arrange the financial subsidy funds of Yunnan Fuwai Hospital to be included in the departmental budget of the Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission for protection. As the main body of government purchasing services, the Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission will include the subsidy funds in the departmental budget of the Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission in the form of government purchasing services, and report them to the Provincial Department of Finance for review, and sign a government purchasing service contract with Yunnan Fuwai Hospital in accordance with the relevant provisions on government purchasing services, and pay them according to the contract.

　　Third, the job requirements

　　(1) Strengthen policy implementation. The Provincial Department of Finance earnestly implemented the financial subsidy policy for Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan. The Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission studied and formulated a specific implementation plan for the reform of government procurement services in Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan.

　　(2) Improve financial management. All revenues and expenditures of Yunnan Fuwai Hospital are included in the budget management, and the relevant provisions of the financial system and accounting system are strictly implemented. The Provincial Department of Finance strengthens the overall budget and financial management of Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan, and organizes the annual financial report audit of the hospital in conjunction with the Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission to promote the steady and healthy development of the hospital.

　　(3) Strengthen performance appraisal. The Provincial Department of Finance, together with the Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission and other departments, explored the third-party performance evaluation of government-purchased services in Fuwai Hospital of Yunnan Province, and established an incentive and restraint mechanism linking the assessment results with the subsidy funds. The evaluation results served as an important reference for the payment of service purchase funds and the selection of service purchase projects, and effectively improved the efficiency in the use of financial funds.

　

Annex 6

Implementation plan of improving diagnosis and treatment ability of Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital in Yunnan Province

　　In order to further improve the diagnosis and treatment ability and level of Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital in Yunnan Province (hereinafter referred to as Yunnan Fuwai Hospital), this plan is formulated according to the Overall Plan for Comprehensive Reform of Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital in Yunnan Province.

　　I. General requirements

　　Relying on the support of the medical management level and technical force of Fuwai Hospital of China Academy of Medical Sciences (hereinafter referred to as Fuwai Hospital of the Academy of Medical Sciences), we will gradually improve the diagnosis and treatment ability and level of Fuwai Hospital. Yunnan Fuwai Hospital has fully opened its clinical center and medical technology department, and its discipline construction has reached the requirements of the national evaluation standard for key clinical specialties. It has basically built a high-quality cardiovascular disease specialist training system, which is used as a technical support platform to radiate the whole province, promote the continuous improvement of cardiovascular disease treatment ability of hospitals at all levels in the province, provide technical support for the construction of the prevention and control system for cardiovascular chronic diseases in the province, and realize the objectives and tasks set in the Overall Plan for Comprehensive Reform of Cardiovascular Hospital in Fuwai, Yunnan Province.

　　Second, the main measures

　　(1) Homogenized introduction of advanced medical technology from Fuwai Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences

　　1. Homogenization and introduction of hospital information system. Fuwai Hospital of Yunnan adopts the core information system independently developed by Fuwai Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences to ensure the seamless connection of information between Fuwai Hospital of Yunnan and Fuwai Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and the core information system is homologous and homogeneous. Establish a closed-loop information solution with hospital information system and electronic medical record system as the core, highly integrated image archiving and transmission system, laboratory information system and other whole processes, covering different fields such as medical treatment, teaching, scientific research and disease prevention and control.

　　2. Give full play to the leading role of experts stationed in Fuwai Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Relying on the long-term team of doctors, technicians, nursing and management experts stationed in Fuwai Hospital of the Academy of Medical Sciences, we will accelerate the formation of an expert group integrating medical treatment, teaching, scientific research, personnel training and international cooperation, and lead the development of cardiovascular disease diagnosis and treatment in the province.

　　3. Actively carry out academic exchange activities at home and abroad. Fuwai Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences sent first-class experts to Yunnan to carry out academic exchange activities. Fuwai Hospital of Yunnan actively undertakes academic exchange activities at home and abroad, such as the International Complex Congenital Heart Disease Summit Forum, Kunming International Cardiovascular Disease Forum, Fuwai Aortic Disease Treatment Seminar, the latest progress seminar of interventional therapy for cardiovascular diseases, and the "Heart Pacing in 100 Counties", so as to enhance the diagnosis and treatment ability of cardiovascular diseases in Yunnan and effectively play the role of radiation to drive and lead the demonstration.

　　(B) to strengthen the construction of talent team

　　Arrange all young and middle-aged doctors, technicians and nursing staff in Fuwai Hospital of Yunnan to go to Fuwai Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences for standardized training in cardiovascular diseases. Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan adopts various forms, such as young doctors’ growth tutorial system, applying for a master’s degree with the same academic level, and circulating training for further professional study, to give full play to the role of experts in the hospital, to improve the overall quality of medical staff, to build a team of professional and technical personnel with both morality and skills, and to gradually make the academic qualifications, professional titles and age structure of the professional personnel more reasonable and perfect. Relying on the brand advantage of Fuwai Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, talents with associate senior and above professional and technical post qualifications or doctor’s degrees that are urgently needed in hospitals are introduced from outside the province, and personnel files can be re-established after leaving their original units to work in Fuwai Hospital of Yunnan. Fuwai Hospital of Yunnan creates favorable conditions for introducing talents.

　　(C) to strengthen medical quality control

　　Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan should standardize the diagnosis and treatment process according to the requirements of the national cardiovascular disease quality control index system, ensure that the diagnosis and treatment process meets the quality control requirements, effectively reduce the surgical mortality and infection rate, and ensure the homogeneity of hospital medical quality with Fuwai Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Yunnan Fuwai Hospital should take the lead in establishing quality control indicators of cardiovascular diseases in Yunnan Province in accordance with the requirements of the Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission, and guide relevant medical institutions in the province to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

　　(D) to strengthen the guidance and assistance to the grassroots.

　　1. Regularly send experts to primary hospitals to guide the work. Establish a cardiovascular disease specialist alliance with the participation of provincial, prefecture and county hospitals. Through the establishment of "Yunfu Clinic", ward rounds, surgical teaching, etc., directly participate in the clinical work of primary hospitals, and rapidly improve the diagnosis and treatment ability of cardiovascular diseases in primary hospitals. Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan should regularly organize experts to help primary hospitals, and send at least 5 experts with deputy senior titles or above to guide medical activities in cities, counties and hospitals every month for no less than 2 days.

　　2. Regular teaching and on-site training for primary hospitals. Set up a "Yunfu Lecture Hall", formulate personalized training programs according to the needs of primary hospitals and doctors, and strive to improve the standardization of diagnosis and treatment in primary hospitals. Establish a long-term cooperation mechanism with grassroots hospitals to open a "green channel" for people in remote areas to see a doctor. Give priority to the procedures of hospitalization, discharge, and application for special hardship fund for referral patients in primary hospitals, and apply for charitable fund for poor children with congenital heart disease.

　　3. Implement the "Yunyan Plan". Support cardiovascular internal medicine and surgeons from hospitals at or above the county level to go to Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan for standardized training in cardiovascular diseases. According to the needs of the grassroots, short-term (1-3 months), medium-term (3-6 months) and long-term (12 months) training programs are offered for key physicians of different levels, different seniority and different sub-professional directions.

　　4. Improve the scientific research level of primary hospitals. Relying on the scientific research platform of Fuwai Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Fuwai Hospital of Yunnan Province, we will set up horizontal scientific research projects, absorb the staff of grass-roots hospitals to participate in the research of scientific research projects, and improve the scientific research ability.

　　5. Establish a telemedicine service network. Relying on Fuwai Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Yunnan Fuwai Hospital as the fulcrum, we will integrate the telemedicine network resources of tertiary hospitals, county hospitals and township hospitals in the province, and further develop the information platform and remote grading diagnosis and treatment network of Yunnan Cardiovascular Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center. Establish a large database of cardiovascular disease prevention and control in Yunnan Province to improve the ability of cardiovascular disease prevention and control at the grassroots level.

　　Third, the job requirements

　　(1) Strengthen organization and implementation. Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan should refine the work tasks item by item, define the time schedule, and earnestly organize the implementation.

　　(2) Strengthen supervision and inspection. The Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission should strengthen the guidance, inspection and supervision of Fuwai Hospital in Yunnan, and regularly carry out monitoring and evaluation to ensure the effectiveness of the work.

　　What is the effect of the new military revolution in the world after nearly 20 years? What are the prospects after the change?

　　For readers who are slightly familiar with the military, "new military revolution" is a familiar phrase, and new military revolution is in full swing in many countries. It has been almost 20 years since the concept of "new military revolution" was put forward and put into practice. What is its effect? What is the future development prospect? China Youth Daily reporter interviewed Lin Dong, an associate professor of National Defense University.

　　Reporter: When and who initiated the new military revolution, and in what context did it begin?

　　Lin Dong: The 20th century is a century in which military revolution continues to take place. Today, the global new military revolution we are carrying out is relative to the military engineering revolution characterized by mechanization basically completed during the Second World War, and it is marked by informationization.

　　This change was first initiated by the US military, which originated from the contest with the China army and rose from the confrontation with the Soviet army. The early motivation was the Korean War, and then the Vietnam War. The US military deeply reflected on these two unsuccessful wars. Finally, tactically, it concluded that the US mechanized troops were strong in firepower, assault and maneuver, but weak in "melee", "night fighting" and sudden attacks during the March, and it was also unsuccessful to engage in "logistics strangulation war".

　　Reporter: the us military began to change for this?

　　Lin Dong: Yes, the US military began to implement the military sensing revolution in the 1950s, and later it developed into satellite reconnaissance and high-altitude UAV reconnaissance. Until the drastic changes in Eastern Europe occurred in the late 1980s, the US military quickly turned to general local conventional warfare, and prepared to turn the three major achievements in dealing with the Soviet nuclear war into the application of conventional warfare. First, the GPS system used to correct the time difference for intercontinental nuclear missiles flying across time zones was turned to provide navigation and positioning for various conventional mobile weapons and equipment; Second, the internet, a computer communication network established to resist the nuclear destruction of the Soviet Union, has been transferred to joint operations, which has become the basis of digital troops and network-centric warfare; Third, the Star Wars plan, which was prepared to break through with the Soviet Union, laid the foundation for the construction of the missile defense system.

　　It was also during this period that Marshall, director of the Net Assessment Office of the US Department of Defense, put forward the concept of "new military revolution".

　　Reporter: That is to say, the US military has explored the new military revolution before, and then it has an official name?

　　Lin Dong: It’s like this. In 1994, the then Secretary of Defense of the United States, Perry, formally put forward a comprehensive view of military reform based on the achievements of the military technology revolution, and named it the military affairs revolution. By the end of 1990s, after the Bush administration came to power, Rumsfeld, in combination with the needs of the "9.11" anti-terrorism war, re-positioned military reform as military transformation, trying to fully meet the needs of information development in the military establishment system, operational system and operational methods, and surpassing information in the development of weapons and technology, and opening up a broader world of military reform.

　　Reporter: Has the concept of new military revolution been recognized by other countries as soon as it was put forward?

　　Lin Dong: No, this concept was accepted late by other countries. Since 1980s, when people talk about the new military revolution, they mostly use the word high-tech war. It was not until the Gulf War in 1991 that the US military defeated hundreds of thousands of mechanized troops in Iraq with hundreds of casualties. Everyone was shocked and realized that a revolutionary military revolution had arrived.

　　Reporter: What was the goal of the early new military revolution?

　　Lin Dong: In the early days, the US military did not expect a historic leap forward, so the initial goal was not high. First, it was to save money. It was required that the new military revolution would enable the US military to rely on high technology to have a superior combat capability with about 300,000 troops. Second, fewer people are killed. Another important indicator of the new military reform proposed by the US military is that it can make the US military lose less than 10,000 people in conventional wars.

　　Although these two goals were achieved in the Gulf War, the US military at that time did not dare to take them lightly. However, the subsequent wars in Kosovo, Afghanistan and Iraq, without exception, the battlefield situation was one-sided with the US military. The number of combat troops sent by the US military has been reduced to tens of thousands, and even there has been a record of zero casualties in a war, and the US military has become ambitious.

　　Reporter: So far, has the new military revolution of the US military gone smoothly? Have all the goals been achieved?

　　Lin Dong: After Rumsfeld took charge of the US military command, he made every effort to promote military transformation, so in the middle of the new military transformation, he launched a brand-new strategic goal: First, to achieve a global strike, and the US military can strike any corner of the earth with one hour of emergency preparation; The second is to realize the integration of the army, integrated operations and integrated formation.

　　As a result, the integration construction encountered setbacks. First of all, Rumsfeld’s conflict with various services broke out. Rumsfeld made great efforts to promote joint operations and drastically weakened the position of the service headquarters. As a result, Rumsfeld was boycotted. However, Rumsfeld had no intention of quitting, and several generals of the army and navy were dismissed. As a result, he ended up being cornered by various services.

　　Secondly, there are serious differences of opinion among the services on the development direction of the new military revolution, and the Air Force put forward the idea of denying joint operations. The US Air Force believes that the assault stage of modern warfare is mainly air strikes, and the air combat forces of the navy and the army should all be under the command of the air force, and the implementation of coordinated assault with the air force as the main content of winning the war. The navy should become the transportation captain, and the army and the marine corps mainly occupy the city after the completion of the main air assault, and then go into the city to catch prisoners, and then fight terrorism and maintain stability.

　　This argument caused a great division and controversy among the US military services, which is still going on today. At present, the US military’s huge information system, national and theater missile defense systems are all disturbed by differences among various services, and their goals are vague and hesitant.

　　Reporter: Mr. Lin, the world’s new military revolution has been going on for nearly 20 years. Some people think that it is the sprint stage of the new military revolution, but in your new book "Beyond the military service era-systematic scientific thinking about the new military revolution", you suggest that the new military revolution is undergoing a spiral development process. What does this mean?

　　Lin Dong: At present, some people think that the new military revolution has formed a framework and entered a substantial leap stage. However, this is not the case. For example, the US military, as the leader of the new military revolution in the world, has carried out several core projects with budgets of trillions of dollars, such as GIG system of global information grid, NMD system of national missile defense, TMD system of theater missile defense, etc., thinking that they can win the all-round victory of the new military revolution with one effort, but all of them are frustrated and faced with huge strategic risks. At the same time, Rumsfeld, the leader of the new military revolution in the United States and former defense secretary, also resigned because of the quagmire of the Iraq war, and his radical military transformation policy was boycotted by all services of the US military.

　　The great exposure of the new military revolution in the west, led by the US military, shows a huge deviation in the theoretical guidance of military revolution, which comes from people’s stagnation in mechanized thinking to solve the information problem. Therefore, I think that the new military revolution in the west led by the United States is entering an adjustment period, and everyone’s understanding of the new military revolution in the world is also entering a gray area, which requires a breakthrough in thought and theory.

　　Reporter: In your book, you propose to "transcend the military service era". Does it mean that the future army will no longer be divided into land, sea and air forces, so how to organize the future army?

　　Lin Dong: The establishment system of the army is determined by the way of fighting.

　　In the mechanized era, the army fights according to the division of natural geographical space, so it is necessary to divide the army, navy and air force. The army controls the land, the navy controls the sea and the air force controls the air, each of which has its own symmetrical combat targets and fights independently of each other.

　　However, since the late World War II, there has been a phenomenon of cross-growth of services, and the cross-development of services has moved towards a super-service structure, and each service has tried to develop into a big army that includes the forces of other services.

　　Up to now, all services have broken the boundaries of services and extended to other battlefields. The air force can fight naval battles and land battles, the army has planes and surface ships, and the navy is decathlon, thus breaking the pattern of monopolizing land battles, naval battles and air battles respectively, and also bringing about the problems of repeated development of service combat capabilities and serious waste of military resources.

　　In order to solve the problem of the expansion of various services, the military all over the world invariably put forward the strategic problems of developing joint operations, sharing operational resources and dividing the military organizational system for the second time.

　　At present, there are two opinions on reforming the military service system. One is that the German army proposed to abolish the organizational system of the three armed forces and set up three major services, namely, the long-range strike force, the stable operation force and the information support force. Another view is to keep the current service establishment, but make the service units modular and can be reorganized with other service units, and at the same time add a horizontal organization to form three networks of reconnaissance, strike and maneuver, and all service units participate in the actions of these three networks.

　　Now it seems that the US military was adapted according to the second plan.

　　Reporter: When do you think the U.S. military will realize informationization, and where is the direction of change after informationization?

　　Lin Dong: According to the three indicators of global strike, global arrival and global surveillance proposed by the US military, its information transformation will be basically completed around 2025.

　　At that time, the focus of the US military’s reform will also shift. At present, these shifting directions have been used as new concept weapons in experimental research. First, the material revolution, mainly relying on nanotechnology to build micro-weapons. The second is the power revolution to solve the problem of high energy consumption. The third is the firepower revolution. Nowadays, the US military is designing a network fire system, a 64-tube vertical firing artillery array, which does not need a steel shell, and the ammunition fired in one minute can catch up with half of the current battalion. Fourth, laser weapons enter the battlefield and use high-energy lasers to destroy incoming enemy missiles, thus fundamentally solving the missile defense problem. The fifth is the flexible technology revolution, which has created humanoid flying robots that can fly and walk. With the help of intelligent technology, soldiers can fly spaceships that can reach the moon and catch turtles in the sea, spraying inexhaustible lasers and galloping between heaven and earth. (China Youth Daily Xuehong Li)

Editor: Cao Jin

　　CCTV News:Road traffic safety cannot be ignored for a moment. Recently, another scene of shock occurred in Baoding, Hebei Province.

　　A mother riding an electric bicycle, carrying her two children, ran a red light across the road and was knocked down by a car coming sideways. A boy was directly involved in the bottom of the car.

　　At about 3: 28 pm on the day of the incident, at the T-junction of the traffic lights in Chen Zhuang, Wangdu County, a woman with two children was driving an electric bicycle from north to south. At this time, the traffic lights in the north-south direction were red. The woman did not stop and wait, but did not hesitate to pass the red light; At the same time, the signal light from west to east turned green. After the signal light turned yellow and the light flashed, a white car turned left and accelerated through the intersection, just colliding with the electric bicycle, knocking it down and rolling a boy in the car under the car. After the accident, the driver of the car immediately stopped to save people and reported to the police.

　　Bai Qiumei, Hebei Baoding Traffic Police Detachment:There were three people riding the electric bicycle, mother and son, all of whom were injured to varying degrees. The boy in the back seat couldn’t afford to fall to the ground and was seriously injured. The vehicles of both sides of the accident were damaged.

　　The ambulance arrived at the scene five minutes after the accident.

　　In order to verify the situation, Wangdu traffic police retrieved the video footage of the incident. Through the video, it was found that women riding electric bicycles ran red lights, while white cars with left turns grabbed the lights and met non-motorized cyclists, which was the cause of the accident.

　　Bai Qiumei, Hebei Baoding Traffic Police Detachment:The driver of the electric (self-propelled) car, Wang Mou, and the driver of the car, Wang Moumou, should bear the same responsibility for this accident, and the passenger is not responsible.

　　　　　　　　[Editor’s note]

　　　　　　　　After Yuan Shikai’s death, the Beiyang Army split up, and warlords of various departments competed for the Central Plains. In September, 1924, the Jiangsu-Zhejiang War broke out, and the direct warlord led by Wu Peifu competed with the Anhui warlord for control of Shanghai. Before that, Wu Peifu had already won the victory over the Feng warlord Zhang Zuolin. In the eyes of westerners, Wu Peifu was undoubtedly the "strongest" in China at that time. On September 8th, Wu Peifu appeared on the cover of Time magazine, becoming the first Chinese to win this "honor".

　　　　　　　　After that, Feng Yuxiang, Chiang Kai-shek, Song Meiling, Wang Jingwei, Song Ziwen, Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Luo Ruiqing, Chen Yi, Deng Xiaoping, etc. appeared on the cover of the weekly magazine one after another, becoming face of china that attracted worldwide attention. Of course, these characters are key players active in China’s political field, but what did the American news media people see from them at the moment when they became cover figures? In the process of making cover characters, what did the micro-expressions of those characters express to the world?

　　　　　　　　

The first Chinese on the cover of Time: Wu Peifu.

The captions under the photos are "General Wu" and "Biggest man in China". At that time, the Jiangsu-Zhejiang War broke out in southern China. The direct warlord led by Wu Peifu is fighting with the Anhui warlord for the control of Shanghai.

　　　　　　　　

1920s: Who was the strongest in China?

　　　　　　　　After Wu Peifu, Chiang Kai-shek, the second commander-in-chief of the Northern Expedition, appeared on the cover weekly of Time. In March, 1927, Chiang Kai-shek led the Kuomintang troops northward into Shanghai, in order to complete the complete reunification of the north and south of China. Of course, this is not easy. In 1929, the new warlords of the Kuomintang were in a scuffle again, filled with smoke. In 1930, Yan Xishan, Feng Yuxiang and Li Zongren jointly launched a war against Chiang Kai-shek, that is, the Central Plains War, which was the largest warlord melee in China’s modern history. As key figures in this period, Feng Yuxiang and Yan Xishan also appeared on the cover of Time magazine.

　　　　　　　　

1930s: Clouds of war were gathering, and the war was in chaos.

　　　　　　　　Since his first appearance on the cover of Time in April 1927, Chiang Kai-shek, as the supreme leader of China, naturally attracted the attention of western media in the 1930s. During this decade, Chiang Kai-shek appeared on the cover of Time magazine five times, including two appearances with his wife Song Meiling. In addition to Jiang and Song, in 1934, Puyi was enthroned as the "Emperor of Manchukuo", which made him appear in Time magazine. On March 18th, 1935, Wang Jingwei became the cover of Time magazine. 　 　 　

Chiang Kai-shek’s Face in Time

　 　 　 　　

　 　 　 　 The middle picture is: Chiang Kai-shek (November 9, 1936).

　　　　　　　　Clockwise from top left to bottom right are: Chiang Kai-shek and Song Meiling (October 26, 1931), which is Song Meiling’s first appearance in Time; Chiang Kai-shek (December 11, 1933); Stalin, Emperor Hirohito, Puyi and Chiang Kai-shek (January 24, 1936) were caused by the military conflict between the Soviet Union and Japan on the border between China and Mongolia; Chiang Kai-shek and Song Meiling (January 3, 1938), this is the Chiang couple who appeared on the cover of Time magazine as the person of the year in 1937.　 　 　 　　

Puyi (March 5, 1934)

　　　　　　　Previously, the Puppet Manchukuo was founded in 1932, and Puyi was promoted by the Japanese as the "head of state" and later called the "emperor". On March 1, 1934, Puyi held a ceremony to ascend the throne. A few days later, on March 5, the cover figure of Time magazine was Puyi.

On March 18th, 1935, Premier Wang appeared on the cover of Time magazine.

　　　　　　　　In 1935, Wang Jingwei was appointed President and Foreign Minister of the Executive Yuan of the National Government of the Republic of China, ranking second only to Chiang Kai-shek. How is the relationship between China and Japan progressing? Is it war or peace? What’s his attitude?

1940s: The Anti-Japanese War was a great event, and the Kuomintang and the Communist Party were wrestling.

　　　　　　　　In this decade, the war of resistance against Japan is undoubtedly the most important historical event. For Chiang Kai-shek, the Anti-Japanese War was arduous. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, how to promote the relationship between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party is also a problem. On September 3, 1945, Chiang Kai-shek appeared on the cover of Time magazine as a "winner" in the Anti-Japanese War. At that time, the issue of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party of China had attracted the attention of the world. As for December 1948, Chiang Kai-shek, who had just experienced the Liaoshen Campaign and the Huaihai Campaign, was once again on the cover of Time magazine, and the situation of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party was quietly reversed, which seemed to imply the coming of another era of Time magazine face of china.

In the 1940s, Chiang Kai-shek made three appearances on the cover of Time: June 1, 1942 (the stalemate stage of the Anti-Japanese War); September 3, 1945 (victory in the Anti-Japanese War); December 6, 1948 (during the civil war between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, the Pingjin Campaign).　 　 　 　　

From left to right: Chen Cheng (June 16th, 1941), Song Meiling (March 1st, 1943), Song Ziwen (December 18th, 1944), Chen Lifu (May 26th, 1947).　　

1950s: The Face Assembly Number of Red China

　　　　　　　　The Communist Party of China (CPC)’s first ten years in power. In 1955, Chiang Kai-shek appeared on the cover of Time magazine for the last time. The Communist Party of China (CPC), who opened another era for the cover figures of Time magazine, whether Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Liu Shaoqi, Chen Yi and Luo Ruiqing, are all faces from "RED CHINA" in the eyes of Time magazine.

Chiang Kai-shek (April 18, 1955)　 　 　 　　

Clockwise from top left：

Mao Zedong (11 December 1950); "Communist" Zhou Enlai (June 18, 1951); "Zhou Enlai in Red China" (March 10th, 1954); Mao Zedong (December 1, 1958), in the upper right corner of the cover, quoted Napoleon’s words: China is a sleeping lion, and when she wakes up, she will shock the world.

On March 5, 1956, General Luo Ruiqing. Luo Ruiqing, the police leader of Red China, was then the Minister of Public Security.

Liu Shaoqi, 12 October 1959. There are two lines in the upper left corner of the cover: "red China’s first decade" and "work, purges, disintegration".

　

The 1960s: Unprecedented turmoil

On September 9, 1966, Secretary of Defense Lin Biao. In the upper right corner, it says, "Chinese’s nightmare."

Mao Zedong, 13 January 1967. In the upper left corner, it says, "China is in chaos."

　　　　　　　　

1970s and 1980s: Who was in charge of ups and downs?

　On February 3, 1975, Premier Zhou Enlai. The era of Mao Zedong is coming to an end, and China will face a new period of development, and Zhou Enlai will shoulder this heavy responsibility?

Deng Xiaoping, 19 January 1976. The title is "Deng Xiaoping, Zhou’s successor", and the top right corner reads: "China, friend or enemy?"

Mao Zedong, 20 September 1976. At that time, Mao had passed away.　 　　

From left to right: Zhou Enlai (November 8, 1971), ping-pong diplomacy, China and the United States trying to adjust foreign relations; In 1972, Nixon visited China; Deng Xiaoping (February 5, 1979), China and the United States established diplomatic relations.　 　 　

From the late 1970s to the 1980s, Deng Xiaoping appeared frequently on the cover of Time. From left: On January 1, 1979, Deng Xiaoping was named the man of the year in 1978; 26 September 1983; 23 September 1985; On January 6th, 1986, Deng Xiaoping once again became the man of the year.

　　CCTV News:From June to August, 2016, a telecom fraud gang committed fraud crazily. During this period, Cai Shuyan, a college student, committed suicide by jumping into the sea after being defrauded of tuition and living expenses of 9800 yuan. On the morning of 28th, the Intermediate People’s Court of Jieyang City, Guangdong Province sentenced seven defendants, including Chen Minghui, to life imprisonment and three years’ imprisonment.

　　The court found through trial that from August 2013 to March 2014, Chen Minghui repeatedly hired Tang Xiaohui (sentenced) to pretend to be a variety show such as "Where is Dad?" and sent more than 730,000 false winning fraud messages to mobile phone users.

　　From June to August, 2016, Chen Minghui recruited and assembled Fan Zhijie, Gao Xuezhong, Ye Qifeng, Xiong Yunjiang and others to form a criminal gang. By sending false winning information such as "Taobao" and "Run Brothers", he induced the winners who received the information to log in to the "phishing website" to fill in their personal information to receive the prize, and pretended to be a customer service staff to trick the winners into paying the "deposit" on the grounds of redemption. Pretending to be court staff and lawyers, it is a breach of contract that the "winner" fails to pay the "security deposit" or receive the prize as required. It is necessary to sue or have sued the "winner" and continue to pay the handling fee before withdrawing the lawsuit and obtaining the prize, threatening and luring, and defrauding the "winner" again, defrauding many people of property totaling RMB 1.041 million. Among them, Cai Shuyan, a student about to attend university, committed suicide by jumping into the sea after being defrauded of tuition and living expenses of 9800 yuan.

　　The court also found that Lin Shiya knowingly engaged in illegal and criminal activities by Ye Qifeng and others, and still illegally entrusted him with point-of-sale terminal equipment (POS machines), which provided convenient conditions for him to cash in the stolen money. Knowing that others are engaged in illegal and criminal activities, Chen Liyi still sells several bank cards to others for fraud. In addition, Xiong Yunjiang was caught by the traffic police for drunk driving in Haikou.

　　The court held that in the joint crime of fraud, Chen Minghui, Fan Zhijie, Gao Xuezhong, Ye Qifeng and Xiong Yunjiang, for the purpose of illegal possession, formed a telecom fraud criminal gang, used communication tools and online means to defraud an unspecified majority of people, and caused a student to commit suicide. The amount of fraud was particularly huge and the circumstances were particularly serious, all of which constituted fraud. Xiong Yunjiang also drunk driving a motor vehicle on the road, and his behavior constitutes a crime of dangerous driving, which should be combined with several crimes according to law. Knowing that others commit crimes, Lin Shiya has repeatedly provided point-of-sale terminal equipment (POS machines) to help transfer the proceeds of crimes. Knowing that others commit crimes, Chen Liyi still provides multiple bank accounts for others to transfer the proceeds of crimes, which has constituted the crime of concealing and concealing. According to the facts, nature, circumstances and the degree of harm to society of each defendant, the Intermediate People’s Court of Jieyang City, Guangdong Province sentenced the defendant Chen Minghui to life imprisonment, deprived of political rights for life and confiscated all personal property. The defendants Fan Zhijie, Gao Xuezhong and Ye Qifeng were sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment ranging from 15 to 13 years and fined for fraud; The defendant Xiong Yunjiang was sentenced to 11 years in prison and fined for fraud and dangerous driving. The defendant Lin Shiya was sentenced to three years’ imprisonment and the defendant Chen Lucy li was sentenced to one year and four months’ imprisonment and fined for concealing and concealing the crime. The defendants were ordered to jointly refund the fraudulent money to the victim.

　　CCTV News:On October 21st, 2017, coincided with the grand opening of The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the 23rd China Yiwu International Commodities Fair, the largest commodity fair in China, was held in Yiwu, Zhejiang.

　　This year’s Yiwu Fair has 4,100 standard booths, involving 14 major industries. Combining with the cultivation direction of emerging sectors, it has set up eight special areas, namely "Made in Zhejiang" theme area, standard Expo area, innovative design, smart lifestyle, fashion department stores, international brands, e-commerce and trade services, and women’s Federation handicrafts, with a total of 10 pavilions with an exhibition area of 100,000 square meters. It attracted more than 2,200 enterprises from 16 countries and regions including Australia, Japan, Brazil, Germany, Italy and France, as well as 24 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) in China.

　　As an important supporting meeting in the 2017 Yiwu Fair, the "2017 China Retail Department Store (Yiwu) Purchasing Summit" was held simultaneously during this period. The summit was hosted by the Executive Committee of Yiwu International Commodity Expo in China, jointly organized by Zhejiang China Commodity City Group Co., Ltd. and IBMG International Business Management Group, and sponsored by Yiwu Mr. Huolang Trading Co., Ltd., and the conference received extensive attention and praise from the government, industry, news media and people from all walks of life.

　　More than 200 enterprise bosses and senior executives from more than 50 retail enterprises, including national top 100 retail enterprises, listed companies and regional leading enterprises, led their professional purchasing teams to participate in the summit. In order to actively broaden the domestic sales channels of local suppliers in Yiwu, improve the purchasing efficiency and quality of participating retailers, and promote the in-depth cooperation between suppliers and retailers, the summit invited Mr. Li Sheng, deputy director of the Expert Working Committee of China Business Federation, Professor Wu Leijun, course director of SPACE China Business College of the University of Hong Kong, and other big coffee makers in the retail industry to conduct in-depth thematic discussions and share, and specially arranged a number of on-site retailers’ fair for high-quality goods, which promoted many categories such as household goods, imported goods, knitwear, toys, cultural offices and sporting goods. During the summit, the delegates also visited well-known local enterprises in Yiwu, and went deep into the factory to learn about commodity technology.

　　Mr. Jiang Ming, President of China Business Federation, made an opening speech for the summit.

　　In his opening speech, Mr. Jiang Ming, President of China Business Federation, said: Yiwu has changed from "buying and selling the whole country" to "buying and selling the whole world". This is a hot spot for entrepreneurship, a land of real miracles. Department stores cover a wide range of commodities, and have become synonymous with Yiwu. Yiwu International Trade City is one of the largest export bases of small commodities in China, and its market extroversion has reached 65%.

　　The theme of this conference, "focusing on commodities, upgrading layout-supply chain reconstruction under consumption upgrading", fits the background of the retail industry environment, identifies the profit model, returns to the essence of retail, and locates customers with commodities. This summit will discuss how to rebuild the supply chain in the new retail era with the help of Yiwu’s advantages, new technologies and new theories, focus on market consumers, push forward with the pace of transformation of both domestic and foreign trade in Yiwu Fair, and strive for the healthy and rapid development of the retail industry and a broader future!

　 　 [XCAR test drive original]

　　　　Domestic pickup truck culture started relatively late compared with European and American countries. Both the market environment and consumers’ concept of car purchase are in a relatively immature stage. I believe that when many people talk about pickup trucks, they still link them with cheapness and freight for the first time. Of course, in the past two years, with the introduction of some American pickup trucks, a high-end pickup truck culture focusing on playing with cars has gradually emerged. Looking at the domestic auto market, the current situation of pickup trucks can be said to be serious. One is the cheap pickup truck based on freight, and the other is the American high-end pickup truck just mentioned. The pickup truck market between these two types is basically blank. The Isuzu D-MAX we test-drive today has a clear mission, which is to strive to be a pioneer in this market.

　　　　Since the D-MAX produced by Isuzu’s domestic joint venture manufacturer (Jiangxi Isuzu) has not been officially launched, we chose Australia, where Isuzu has a large number of pickup trucks and the pickup market is relatively mature, to get close contact with this model.However, after three months, we will be able to see the D-MAX model produced by Jiangxi Isuzu in the domestic market.

　　　　Since D-MAX is about to be produced in China, I have to talk about its manufacturer — — Jiangxi Isuzu. For consumers, this is a strange and young manufacturer. Jiangxi ISUZU is a joint-venture vehicle manufacturer established by Japanese Isuzu in China.It is jointly funded by Japanese Isuzu and jiangling motors Group, with the equity ratio of 50:50.

　　　　The model that Jiangxi Isuzu is about to put into production at present is D-MAX pickup truck, which is the protagonist of our test drive today. At the end of next year, Jiangxi Isuzu will also introduce a heavyweight SUV model for production. This model, named MU-X, has been listed in international markets such as Australia.

　　　　When it comes to the history of D-MAX, if you read the picture below, I believe it can bring back some memories. Isuzu pickup truck began to enter China from TF model. At first, it was introduced and produced by Qingling. Later, domestic independent brands began to copy this model.

　　　　Since it is a pioneer in the domestic mid-range pickup market, does D-MAX really have no competitors? From the perspective of head-on confrontation, there is really no pickup truck model in the domestic mid-range pickup truck market that can be similar to D-MAX in price, configuration and technical level. But from the perspective of positioning, it seems that only Toyota’s hilux can be regarded as a competitor.

　　　　Although Zhengzhou Nissan’s D22 pickup truck is similar to D-MAX in positioning and design, the D22 model is too old to compete with D-MAX in the same generation. The Nissan Navara pickup truck, which can really compete with D-MAX, has no plans to introduce it at present.

　　　　The positioning of Isuzu D-MAX was introduced by the author at the beginning, and it mainly focuses on the mid-range pickup market. In addition to the outstanding loading capacity of pickup trucks, D-MAX has excellent performance in the interior space and passability. Although it is the pioneer of mid-range pickup trucks in China at present, it is also in sync with the international level in terms of technology. However, if D-MAX wants to make some achievements in this strange emerging market, it is indeed difficult to see the current domestic pickup truck environment and road regulations. For example, in a first-tier city like Beijing, the driving of pickup trucks will still be greatly restricted, which is an unavoidable reality.

　　Recently, the Anti-smuggling Bureau of Guangzhou Customs, with the assistance of the Anti-smuggling Bureaus of Huangpu, Jiangmen, Kunming and Nanning, launched the "Fighting 28" special campaign to crack down on the smuggling of imported fruits, successfully destroyed three smuggling criminal gangs and arrested 12 suspects, involving a case value of about 1.355 billion yuan.

　　The smuggling gang involved in the case has been purchasing mangosteen, longan, durian and other fruits of Thai origin overseas for a long time in the name of a company in Guangzhou, and after transporting them to the borders of Guangxi and Yunnan, the local smuggling gang responsible for customs clearance declared imports through border small-scale trade and general trade by falsely reporting the origin and underreporting the price, and sold them to Guangzhou and other places for profit. In addition, it was found that smuggling gangs smuggled fruits in the border market under the guise of "border residents".

　　At present, the case is under further investigation. Guangzhou Customs will resolutely implement the deployment of the special action of "National Sword 2020" of the General Administration of Customs, and resolutely crack down on smuggling crimes by relying on the working mechanism of "smuggling by all staff" to safeguard the "safety at the table" of ordinary people.

In February, 2021, new york Mayor’s Food Policy Office released the first 10-year food policy plan "NYC: A 10-year food policy plan". This series consists of seven articles, translated by the team of "the other mountains all appear dwarfs under the sky.-Sustainable City and Transportation". This is the fourth article, which introduces the second goal of new york’s ten-year food policy plan: to make new york’s food economy promote economic development and provide good jobs.

New york has more than 40,000 food enterprises, employing hundreds of thousands of workers. It is difficult to calculate the exact number of workers, because there is no reliable data to explain the number of workers in the "gig economy" in food distribution. These workers and enterprises are vital to the health and well-being of new york people. The food industry is an important source of employment and property income for colored people and immigrant communities (79% of food workers in new york are colored people, including 43% Latinos and 21% Asians).

The catering industry is also very important to the city, because it is the main attraction of residents, workers and tourists, supporting many other industries, such as office employment in the central business district and attracting tourists. In fact, the catering industry is the key to making new york so attractive. Its economic contribution is also great. In 2019, the taxable sales of the catering industry reached nearly $27 billion.

However, working in the food industry or owning a business is extremely challenging. The food industry usually has a low profit margin, while the cost of running a business in new york is high. About 99% of food enterprises in the city are small enterprises with less than 100 workers, while 70% are micro enterprises with less than 10 workers. In addition, the wages of food workers are usually low, and they lack job security and mobility opportunities. Many deliverymen (an increasingly important part of the food industry) are considered as independent contract workers and cannot get the same protection and benefits as employees.

If new york wants to improve its food system, it must first support both food workers and food enterprises. The support for the two is not mutually exclusive, but mutually reinforcing. These strategies also focus on the future of food enterprises, including supporting a new ownership model that conforms to the principles of economic democracy and technological change.

Size of food enterprises in new york (calculated by number of employees). Cartography: the other mountains all appear dwarfs under the sky., the picture is from NYC Food Forward, only translated in Chinese.

Strategy 1: Protect the rights and interests of food practitioners　

Implementing fair scheduling method in fast food industry

New york will strictly implement the fast food fair scheduling laws, so as to optimize the fast food industry into a benign occupation with stable and predictable working hours and wages. Strong law enforcement will ensure that workers in fast food restaurants can arrange shifts fairly and even get overtime pay when the shift schedule is temporarily changed. Law enforcement will also ensure that workers in the fast food industry can settle down through regular shifts in high-mobility industries.

Provide financial and technical support for workers’ cooperatives

The cooperative model has a long history in the food field. Worker-owned cooperatives have yet to become a powerful tool for new york to accumulate assets and eliminate the gap between the rich and the poor. In order to meet the needs of food enterprises, new york will not only coordinate existing auxiliary projects to support cooperatives, such as Employee Ownership, but also explore innovative financial and technical support projects.

When it is not appropriate for the government to directly intervene in enterprises, the New York City Government will also explore cooperation with community-based organizations, business improvement areas (BID) and merchant associations, and provide support for cooperative organization efforts in five administrative regions.

Improve the situation of food workers.

New york will promote a series of state and federal bills to improve the situation of workers in the food industry, as listed below:

(1) Ensure that all employees in the food industry are included in the federal and state welfare plans;

(2) For employers who fail to protect workers’ health, abolish relevant laws that limit their responsibilities;

(3) Change the state regulations on tip pool sharing, and expand the scope of employees who participate in tip sharing, so that employees without tips can also get some sharing;

(4) To cope with emergencies, set up a hazard pay for grass-roots food workers.

Provide support to practitioners of food programs.

New york will make efforts to provide support to practitioners of food programs. Under the circumstance that the purchasing power is restricted by the current laws, new york will first ensure that food suppliers abide by the current labor laws and collect more labor-related information from food suppliers. In addition, new york will promote the revision of applicable laws and use food procurement power to optimize the working conditions of food practitioners.

Expand child care services to solve the problem of night care for children of food practitioners.

During the COVID-19 crisis, new york deeply realized the hard work and important role of food practitioners. Child care has been provided through the Regional Enrichment Centers "and child care programs throughout the city. With the gradual recovery of the city, existing facilities for childcare projects will be expanded or new projects will be created, including night and weekend care, which is the time when children need care most and parents are most inconvenient to take care of. Providing night and weekend child care will enable parents who often work at night and weekend classes to improve their work flexibility and reduce the cost of childcare.

Feasibility study on developing basic social security benefits

New york will conduct a feasibility study on the basic social security benefits for all food workers. This study will explore the potential partnerships among food practitioners, enterprises, community organizations and financial institutions. This project focuses on providing welfare protection such as pension and medical insurance for food practitioners. New york will also push the federal government to introduce a bill to provide full and fair social security benefits for all employees, regardless of their employers, workplaces or job nature.

Strategy 2: Simplify the process, encourage innovation and support small food enterprises.

Promote tax credits for small businesses.

New york will promote state legislation and establish a tax deduction mechanism for small businesses, including the food industry, to promote the recovery of small businesses in new york. Eligible enterprises with a total income of less than $1 million will receive a tax credit of 6% of their rent in 2021, with a maximum tax credit of $10,000.

Simplify the related processes of food enterprises

New york will review the regulations and enforcement procedures related to small food enterprises (including street vendors) to streamline the process. New york will improve efficiency as much as possible, and expand consolidated licensing and inspection services, so that simplified processes can benefit start-up and existing small food enterprises. The municipal government will also carry out innovation in matters related to food enterprises and increase opportunities for participation, especially cooperation with immigrant organizations.

Support the food enterprises of new york Housing Bureau.

New york will cooperate with enterprises and community organizations to expand the Food Business Pathways of new york Housing Bureau (NYCHA). The establishment of the Business Accelerator Program aims to enable residents of the public housing development project of new york Housing Bureau and those who hold the Class 8 housing clause subsidy voucher of new york Housing Bureau (note: the subsidy voucher program was established in 1978 to provide assistance to eligible low-and middle-income families in renting houses from private hands) to start and develop food business.

Promote the protection of food property and customer data.

The successful operation of food business relies more and more on the data of third-party providers. However, food enterprises often lack professional knowledge or the ability to use these services on favorable terms, and may not be able to obtain key information such as customer data. New york has convened a number of stakeholders to jointly promote initiatives to protect the data of food enterprises and customers, such as the "data bill of rights" for food enterprises and customers.

Support the needs of food enterprises and cooperatives

New york will convene stakeholders in the food industry to identify and design new projects to meet the special demands of food enterprises and non-profit organizations. New york City will then promote the effective implementation of these projects by the state and federal governments. This may include developing new financing and technical assistance programs to help mutual-help and self-operated workers’ cooperatives and small food enterprises.

Suppliers are more likely to participate in the urban procurement process.

New york will promote the smooth connection between potential food suppliers and the urban procurement process. PASSPort, a digital procurement portal in new york, will launch new functions to improve the procurement process. Including: simplifying the collection process, speeding up the issuance of invoices, improving transparency more widely and promoting cross-departmental cooperation.

In addition, new york will explore ways: using matchmaking tools and group buying strategies to increase the number of bids for urban food contracts; Expand technical support and guide the procurement process; Provide process navigator to assist small suppliers in the procurement bidding process; And explore to simplify the application process of M/WBE (note: M/WBE: minority and women-owned business enterprises, enterprises owned, operated and controlled by ethnic minorities and women).

Strategy 3: Help the next generation of food workers get high-quality jobs.

Launch a community recruitment plan for the food industry.

New york will use the current new york NYC plan and the proposed Community HireNYC Legislation to expand the recruitment demand, and set up good entry-level posts in the whole food procurement process, including food production, distribution, transportation and other related work.

New york will combine the existing and new training plans to provide human resources for suppliers, and require suppliers to provide interviews and employment opportunities for qualified low-income people. New york will also cooperate with anchor institutions to expand the number of high-quality entry-level jobs in food procurement, and pay special attention to core institutions in underserved communities.

Support food technology vocational training

New york’s partners in catering, manufacturing and industry will continue to keep pace with the technological upgrading of the industry. These partners will provide advice to small business service organizations (SBS) on the development of specific labor force and provide new technology training programs for industry practitioners. This can ensure that employees are at the forefront of technological change and that they learn new skills at work, rather than being replaced by new technologies.

Create and expand the career path of food practitioners

New york will ensure the prospect and "Qian Jing" of food industry, both warehouse workers and kitchen staff can be developed, and provide more training, certification and business plans for food practitioners.

Listed below:

(i) Expand training and entrepreneurship programs for commercial kitchens, such as the First Course NYC and Food Business Pathways in new york;

(ii) providing English as a Second Language services for non-native English-speaking food workers;

(iii) Cooperating with the industry to provide the US Department of Energy (DOE) vocational and technical education courses for practitioners in food production, processing, storage and distribution processes;

(iv) Linking youth training programmes with career paths;

(v) Explore the curriculum options of NYC Health Department’s Health Academy of new york Municipal Health Bureau, which is a labor force development center that provides food safety training for food practitioners.

Make a development plan for campus food practitioners

To provide the healthiest and freshest food for students in new york, well-trained practitioners are essential. New york will cooperate with academic circles and the private sector to provide accurate and comprehensive training courses for all school food managers. Training topics include but are not limited to: leadership skills, storage and organization, knife skills, use of tools and equipment, basic cooking skills, menu planning and food preparation. New york will also make an in-depth analysis of the current training programs to see if it is necessary to upgrade.

(This article was translated by the team of "the other mountains all appear dwarfs under the sky.-Sustainable City and Transportation" and checked and edited by The Paper. Translators: Lin Ruoran, Guo Yue, Hao Lu, Jin Yutong, Lei Lian, Lu Yating, Sun Yuting, Tang Hui, Yang Xiaohan, Yang Shasha, Yi Siqing, Zhou Jin, revisers: Xiang Xinyi, Liu Daizong. )

　　CCTV News:2023 is the 25th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and South Africa, and it is also the BRICS "South Africa Year". At the press conference on August 17th, a spokesman for the Ministry of Commerce said that in recent years, under the strategic guidance and personal promotion of the two heads of state, the economic and trade cooperation between China and South Africa has made great progress.

　　Bilateral trade grew rapidly. In 2022, the bilateral trade volume between China and South Africa reached US$ 56.74 billion, a year-on-year increase of 5%, a record high in eight years. In the first half of 2023, it was further accelerated, with an increase of 11.7%. China has been South Africa’s largest trading partner for 14 consecutive years, and South Africa has been China’s largest trading partner in Africa for 13 consecutive years.

　　Two-way investment has achieved remarkable results. China is one of South Africa’s major sources of investment, with an investment stock of more than 10 billion US dollars, covering finance, home appliances, automobiles, mining, energy and other fields. South Africa is also the African country that actually invests the most in China, and the two sides have formed a stable and strong cooperative relationship in the supply chain and industrial chain.

　　Cooperation under the multilateral framework is strong and effective. The two sides jointly safeguard the non-discriminatory, open, inclusive and transparent multilateral trading system, emphasize the importance of multilateralism, and jointly promote the success of the 12th WTO Ministerial Conference beyond expectations. Relying on the BRICS cooperation mechanism, we issued a unanimous voice to support the multilateral trading system, release the potential of the digital economy, promote trade and investment and sustainable development, and strengthen supply chain cooperation.