Popular Science | The National Bureau for Disease Control and Prevention issued the "Cold Wave Public Health Protection Guide"

Source of this article: Shandong CDC

Cold wave public health protection guide

First, the basic concept of cold wave

A cold wave is a weather activity in which cold air from high latitudes invades the middle and low latitudes on a large scale, causing severe cooling (according to the standard of Cold Air Grade GB/T 20484—2017, a cold wave means that the daily minimum temperature drops by more than or equal to 8℃ within 24 hours, or by more than or equal to 10℃ within 48 hours, or by more than or equal to 12℃ within 72 hours, and the daily minimum temperature drops to 4℃ or below.

Second, cold wave health risks

The drop in temperature can lead to the contraction of human blood vessels and the acceleration of respiratory rate. During the cold wave, cold weather is easy to cause superficial skin damage and form chilblain, which aggravates the pain of patients with arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. It is easy to induce airway spasm and abnormal immune function of respiratory system, and cause acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, acute attack of bronchial asthma, acute respiratory infection and other respiratory diseases. It is easy to cause cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, such as angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, acute heart failure, transient cerebral blood supply deficiency, stroke and so on. At the same time, it may aggravate urinary system diseases and endocrine system diseases, such as chronic kidney disease and diabetes.

Third, the key protection groups

There are three main categories of people: the first category is sensitive people, such as infants, children, pregnant women, the elderly and so on; The second category is people with chronic basic diseases, such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and respiratory diseases; The third category is outdoor workers, such as traffic police, sanitation workers, construction workers, couriers, takeaways, etc.

Four, cold weather warning information

According to the cold wave warning signal and defense guide, the cold wave warning signal is divided into four levels.

Five, classification protection measures guide

According to the level of cold wave warning signal, we put forward suggestions on protective measures for classified people.

Interpretation of "Cold Wave Public Health Protection Guide"

In order to guide the public to cope with the cold wave scientifically, raise their awareness of self-protection and reduce the possible health damage caused by cold wave weather, we organized experts from the Institute of Environment of China CDC and other units to formulate the Cold Wave Public Health Protection Guide (hereinafter referred to as the Guide) on the basis of scientific research and risk assessment, and put forward protection suggestions for different key groups to protect public health to the maximum extent.

The Guide consists of five parts: the basic concept of cold wave, health risks, key protected people, cold wave meteorological early warning information, and cold wave early warning grading protection measures guide. The definition of cold wave and its effects on human respiratory, cardiovascular and urinary systems are mainly introduced in two parts: basic concepts and health risks. Key protection groups point out the key groups that need attention during the cold wave, including sensitive groups, people with chronic basic diseases and outdoor workers. Cold wave meteorological early warning information guides the public to scientifically understand cold wave forecast and early warning information. The cold wave warning and grading protection measures guide puts forward targeted protection measures for key people respectively.

Editor: Gao Mengdi

Checked by: Wang Hao

Chief Editor: Chen Xiaoran

Original title: "Popular Science | The National Disease Control Bureau issued the" Cold Wave Public Health Protection Guide ""

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Overseas Chinese friends can enjoy another entry and exit convenience when they return home during the Dragon Boat Festival.

  China Overseas Chinese Network June 15th Issue: Attention overseas Chinese friends! When you return to China during the Dragon Boat Festival, you can enjoy another entry and exit convenience.

  I’m afraid overseas Chinese friends have encountered this annoying thing when they return home on holidays: getting off the plane and getting ready to enter the country, looking at the long queue waiting for customs clearance in front of them, thinking that it will take an hour at the earliest to pass the border inspection, and the enthusiasm for returning home to visit relatives and friends immediately cooled a lot …

A sea of customs clearance teams.
A sea of customs clearance teams.

  Xiaoqiao had a similar experience. On the last day of the National Day holiday in a certain year, the overseas Chinese who returned home after traveling caught up with the return peak. It took a full hour and a half to get off the plane and go to the border inspection. They were exhausted by the long flight and felt even more exhausted after going through customs.

  Someone wants to ask, isn’t there a self-service entry channel? Wouldn’t it be quicker to go there? On the one hand, the self-service channel requires a new version of electronic passports, and many people’s old passports have not expired and have not been replaced yet, so they cannot enjoy convenience; On the other hand, self-service customs clearance is exempt from stamping, but when applying for visas from some countries, the entry stamp on the passport must be complete.

  At present, although many self-service aisles are equipped with cover patches, many people are not aware of them. There was a case before: when Ms. Zhao applied for a tourist visa, because she entered the country through the self-service channel when she returned to China the previous time, the "entry stamp" was missing from her passport. The travel agency worried that she might be refused a visa, and suggested that she go to the airport to reissue the entry stamp, which was equivalent to running again.

  However, starting from the 18th of this month, that is, this year’s Dragon Boat Festival, all China citizens, including overseas Chinese, will no longer have to worry about the long queue for entry and exit customs clearance!

  China’s National Immigration Bureau announced at the press conference of the Ministry of Public Security on the 14th that starting from June 18th this year, the national land, sea and air ports will be required to queue up for entry and exit customs clearance of China citizens for no more than 30 minutes, so as to solve the problem of long queues of China citizens at the peak of large ports.

At the press conference. Image source: Ministry of Public Security website
At the press conference. Image source: Ministry of Public Security website

  I have to say that the introduction of this regulation is too timely! In recent years, with the continuous improvement of people’s living standards and the deepening of China’s opening up to the outside world, China citizens’ overseas travel, visiting relatives and business activities have greatly increased.

  The data shows that in 2017, the total number of entry-exit personnel nationwide reached 598 million, an increase of more than 140 times compared with 1977 before the reform and opening up, and an increase of 73% compared with 2007. Among them, there are quite a few overseas Chinese groups who frequently travel between China and foreign countries.

  The increasingly huge passenger flow undoubtedly puts great pressure on the border inspection port. According to statistics, up to now, there are 35 ports with an average daily inspection of more than 5,000 passengers, 19 ports with more than 10,000 passengers and 7 ports with more than 50,000 passengers.

  Especially on weekends and holidays, the inbound and outbound passenger flow is relatively concentrated, and the queue waiting for inspection at peak hours is longer. Then, what measures will the relevant departments take to ensure the 30-minute customs clearance period?

A sea of customs clearance teams.
A sea of customs clearance teams.

  Currently known methods are:

  Set up a special passage for China citizens.

  Optimize on-site organization, improve process setting and improve inspection management level.

  Improve the application level of scientific and technological informatization, promote self-service customs clearance and increase the proportion of self-service customs clearance.

  Improve the customs clearance environment, and solve the problems such as narrow waiting area and insufficient inspection channels.

  Undoubtedly, this is another big gift package to improve the level of entry and exit facilitation after the establishment of the National Immigration Bureau. Why do you say "again"? Friends who pay attention to media reports must be well aware that since the official establishment of the Immigration Bureau in April this year, all kinds of good news about entry and exit have simply poured in:

  Launched "visa-free entry travel for personnel from 59 countries in Hainan"

  From May 1st this year, Hainan Province implemented a visa-free policy for inbound tourists from 59 countries, further supporting Hainan’s comprehensive deepening of reform and opening up.

 

 

  Handling entry and exit documents such as passports "only runs once"

  Also on May 1st, the whole country began to implement the system of "only running once" for passport and other entry and exit documents:

  Optimize the process of handling licenses, and concentrate all the links scattered in different time periods and places, such as photo collection, fingerprint collection, application materials submission, face-to-face verification and certificate payment, in the same place at the same time;

  The "green channel" permits, increasing the scope of emergency permits, and providing "go and go" expedited permit service for those who go abroad to attend meetings and negotiations, sign contracts, and report for study abroad when the time is approaching, and their documents are lost or damaged before departure;

  "Non-working-day certification", which provides office workers with the service of accepting applications on Saturdays, during the peak of certification, and before holidays.

  "Shorten the time for applying for permits in different places", and the time limit for examination and approval of cross-provincial applications for entry and exit documents has been shortened from 30 days to 20 days;

  "One form", one person who applies for multiple documents at the same time only needs to submit an application form, take a number, and send it synchronously according to the applicant’s needs;

  "One-line processing", applicants can make an appointment in advance by using the Internet booking platform, which is convenient for applicants to apply for entry and exit documents at the entry and exit reception window according to the appointment time period; Provide the service that applicants voluntarily choose two-way express mail entry and exit documents.

Guangdong police fully implement the system of "only running once" for handling entry and exit documents.
Guangdong police fully implement the system of "only running once" for handling entry and exit documents.

  Improve and perfect the examination and approval mechanism for permanent residence qualifications.

  After the establishment of the National Immigration Bureau, the review process for foreigners’ applications for permanent residence was continuously optimized to improve work efficiency. In two months, 1,881 eligible foreigners were approved for permanent residence in China, equivalent to the total amount of approval in 2017.

  Some of these new regulations directly cover overseas Chinese groups, while others can indirectly benefit foreign Chinese, and once they are promulgated, they will be recognized by overseas Chinese. I believe that with the continuous advancement of the work of the Immigration Bureau, there will be more powerful new policies coming out one after another, which will bring more convenience to the entry and exit of overseas Chinese.

  (Source: China Overseas Chinese Network official WeChat, Author: Fu Qiang, ID: qiaowangzhongguo)

Dalai lied that the fake photos of China soldiers pretending to be lamas are full of flaws (Figure)

Special topic: the incident of smashing, looting and burning in Lhasa, Tibet






Photos described by Dalai as "China soldiers posing as lamas to stir up riots".








Using this photo to slander "China soldiers pretending to be lamas" is full of flaws.


    On March 29th, the Dalai Lama held a press conference in India, and made a rumor by himself that "China soldiers pretended to be lamas to stir up riots", so as to shirk the responsibility of launching the "March 14th Tibet incident". And there is a lot of evidence that this is another smear of Dalai’s low level that can’t stand scrutiny.


    On this issue, the World Wide Web contacted Ren Yan, a special correspondent of Global Times in India. At that time, the fact was that the Dalai Lama only gave lip service at the press conference and did not produce evidence and photos. Moreover, the general view in India was that China had been committed to the stability of Tibet and could not take the initiative to provoke conflicts. Therefore, the Indian media only mentioned the Dalai Lama’s press conference and did not agree with Dalai’s outrageous slander. In the report, he described Dalai’s nonsense as a "war of words".


    According to the Global Times reporter, the "China soldiers posing as lamas" mentioned by the Dalai Lama came from an online photo, but with a little analysis, it can be found that this photo could not have been taken during the "314 Tibet smashing and looting incident":


    First of all, the picture is not China’s army but the armed police force; Secondly, according to the news of Xinhua News Agency in 2004, from January 1, 2005, the officers and men of the Armed Police Force will wear armbands and chest tags in a unified way, but the armed police soldiers in the photo did not wear armbands and chest tags, indicating that this photo was taken at least before 2005; Another fact is that, according to the news of Tibet Business Daily in October, 2004, from October 13th, 2004, human tricycles in Lhasa will uniformly use blue, red and green curtains with Tibetan characteristics, while the color of the tricycle curtain in the picture is still blue, which shows that the photo can’t be taken after November, 2004.


    这张被达赖集团拿来污蔑“中国军人假扮喇嘛挑起暴动”的照片,非但没有起任何效果,照片本身反而成了揭露达赖集团唯恐西藏不乱真面目的铁证,而达赖言之凿凿的新闻会又成了一场可笑的闹剧。


    正如外交部发言人姜瑜31日就达赖称中国军人“假扮僧侣”一事答记者问时表示,达赖用道听途说的谣言无法改变事件真相,只能证明他心虚气短。 (环球时报?环球网 郝?石)

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